Breguet Société d'Encouragement Vintage History
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Breguet Société d'Encouragement Vintage History

By Ratskunk · Aug 22, 2024 · 4 replies
Ratskunk
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Ratskunk's meticulous research uncovers Abraham-Louis Breguet's often-overlooked membership in the Société d'Encouragement pour l'Industrie Nationale (SEIN). This deep dive into historical archives provides crucial context for understanding Breguet's broader influence beyond horology, positioning him as a significant figure in French industrial and scientific advancement. Readers will gain new insights into the institutional landscape that shaped Breguet's career and contributions.

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Abraham Breguet is often mentioned as being a member of the French Academy (1816), the Bureau of Longitude (1814) and the Legion of Honor (1819); often neglected is Breguet's membership in the Société d'Encouragement pour l'Industrie Nationale (SEIN); maybe the name is too long so people tend to skip SEIN altogether. Hopefully this hodge-podge of tidbits will be a curiosity to the Breguet fan.

Please excuse the poor translations of the French, my apologies.


SEIN was created in 1801 at the behest of Napolean; a speech by Joseph Marie, baron de Gérando (1772-1842) regarding the creation of SEIN can be found in the Gazette nationale ou le Moniteur universel, 9 novembre 1801 (please refer to Figure 1a), the speech commences...

S'il est un intérêt sacré pour les vrais philosophes , cher aux amis du bien , précieux aux cœurs patriotiques , disons mieux , s’il est un intérêt commun et évident pour tous les hommes, c’est sans doute l'intérêt de l’industrie. Source de la richesse, remede du malheur, moyen de jouissance , soutien de la morale , exercice utile des facultés, l’industrie laborieuse se lie également à la prospérité sociale et au bien-être des individus ; dans ses effets et dans ses causes , elle s'identifie au perfection nement des sciences et aux progrès de l’esprit humain.

Translation:
If there is a sacred interest for true philosophers, dear to the friends of good, precious to patriotic hearts, let us say better, if there is a common and obvious interest for all men, it is without doubt the interest of industry. Source of wealth, remedy for misfortune, means of enjoyment, support of morality, useful exercise of the faculties, laborious industry is equally linked to social prosperity and the well-being of individuals; in its effects and in its causes, it is identified with the improvement of the sciences and the progress of the human spirit.

Breguet is listed as a member of SEIN in 1802 (please refer to Figure 1b) and is listed as a SEIN director in 1808 (please refer to Figure 2).

Liste des Membres de la Société, admis depuis le 8 thermidor an X. — Bréguet, horloger, quai de l'Horloge, à Paris,

Noms des Membres qui composent le Conseil d'Administration de la Société, à l'époque du 17 Février 1808 [comité des arts mécaniques]. — Bréguet, horloger, quai de l'Horloge, no. 79.




The SEIN Bulletins contain sundry reports by Breguet to SEIN, often regarding other watchmakers but from time-to-time other scientific matters; for example a report regarding Pierre-Honoré-César Pons (1773-1851) in 1808 (please refer to Figure 3)...

J’ai examiné moi-même avec le plus grand soin, et fait visiter à fond par des penduliers honnêtes et bons praticiens, le mouvement de pendule que M. Pons a présenté à la Société. Nous avons jugé que si cet artiste peut continuer de fournir au commerce des mouvemens de cette qualité pour 4° francs , il aura fait faire un très-grand pas aux moyens d’exécution de cette partie de l’horlogerie , qui est véritablement la première à soigner pour faire de bonnes pendules. Le mouvement de M. Pons est très-supérieur à ceux de dimensions égales, qui se vendent 5o francs; et il a encore sur eux l’avantage d’avoir les dentures bien formées et très-égales, ce qui est fort important, et ce qu’on rencontre malheureusement trop rarement dans les ouvrages de fabrique. La cage de celui-ci est remarquablement bien montée , les pignons sont ronds et les tiges bien trempées. Il suit de ce qui précède, que M. Pons est parvenu à faire des mouvemens de pendules, qu’il peut livrer à environ un cinquième meilleur marché; ils sont beaucoup mieux exécutés et d’une qualité supérieure à ceux qu’on a pu se procurer jusqu’à présent dans toutes les fabriques. En perfectionnant ainsi un art qui a tant de consommateurs, M. Pons est directement utile au commerce et au public, et mérite par-là tout l’encouragement que la Société peut se permettre de lui accorder.

Translation:
I examined myself with the greatest care, and had honest pendulum makers and good practitioners inspect the pendulum movement that Mr. Pons presented to the Society. We judged that if this artist can continue to supply the trade with movements of this quality for 4 francs, he will have taken a very big step forward in the means of execution of this part of watchmaking, which is truly the first to take care of to make good clocks. Mr. Pons' movement is much superior to those of equal dimensions, which sell for 50 francs; and it still has over them the advantage of having well-formed and very equal teeth, which is very important, and which we unfortunately meet too rarely in factory works. The cage of this one is remarkably well assembled, the pinions are round and the rods well hardened. It follows from the above that Mr. Pons has succeeded in making pendulum movements, which he can deliver at about a fifth cheaper; they are much better executed and of a higher quality than those that have been available until now in all factories. By thus perfecting an art which has so many consumers, Mr. Pons is directly useful to commerce and the public, and thereby deserves all the encouragement that the Society can afford to grant him.



Breguet was unable to give his last report to SEIN as Breguet passed away a week before the meeting; the SEIN Bulletin of October 29, 1823 mentions the sad event (please refer to Figure 4)...

Un sentiment douloureux, et qui sera vivement partagé par cette assemblée, vient nous saisir en vous entretenant de ce concours. Le Comité qui avait examiné la machine présentée à la Société, avait eu pour organe et pour rapporteur  dans votre Conseil d’administration un collègue dont nous déplorons la perte récente, dont le nom sera honorablement célèbre dans l’histoire de nos arts, et dont les vertus commandaient à-la-fois l’affection et l’estime ; de celui qui porta parmi nous l’art difficile de l’horlogerie au plus haut degré de perfection. Son rapport, qui est en ce moment sous nos yeux, est le dernier gage que nous ayons reçu de son zèle infatigable et de sa rare sagacité.

Translation:
A painful feeling, which will be keenly shared by this assembly, comes to grip us in speaking to you about this competition. The Committee which examined the machine presented to the Company had as its body and its rapporteur in your Board of Directors a colleague [Breguet] whose recent loss we deplore, whose name will be honorably famous in the history of our arts, and whose virtues commanded both affection and esteem; of the one who brought among us the difficult art of watchmaking to the highest degree of perfection. His report, which is currently before our eyes, is the last pledge we have received of his tireless zeal and his rare sagacity.


The SEIN Bulletin of 1824 pays tribute Breguet written by Joseph Marie, baron de Gérando (please refer to Figure 5)...the tribute begins...

Messieurs, la Société d'Encouragement voit disparaître, chaque année , quelques-uns de ceux qui assistèrent agrave; sa naissance et coopérèrent agrave; ses premiers travaux; la liste sera bientôt épuisée. En donnant de justes regrets agrave; d'excellens citoyens qui nous ont été enlevés, nous trouvons aussi, dans la suite de ces noms honorables qui nous appartiennent, un ensemble de souvenirs qui compose en quelque sorte l'histoire de l'industrie française. Dès son origine, la Société d'Encouragement servit de rendez-vous aux hommes les plus distingués dans la carrière des arts industriels, aux savans qui ont dirigé vers ce genre d'application les découvertes des sciences positives, en même temps qu'aux hommes zélés pour le bien public. A ces trois titres, notre collègue, M. Bréguet, devait être et fut en effet un des premiers à en, faire partie…

Translation:
Gentlemen, the Society of Encouragement sees disappear, each year, some of those who attended its birth and cooperated in its first works; the list will soon be exhausted. In giving just regrets to excellent citizens who have been taken from us, we also find, in the series of these honorable names which belong to us, a set of memories which compose in some way the history of French industry. From its origin, the Society of Encouragement served as a meeting place for the most distinguished men in the career of industrial arts, for the scholars who have directed the discoveries of positive sciences towards this type of application, at the same time as for men zealous for the public good. In these three respects, our colleague, Mr. Bréguet, had to be and was indeed one of the first to be part of it…


























About the Breguet Classique Complications Ref. 1801

The Breguet Classique Ref. 1801 is part of the brand's collection celebrating its historical legacy, drawing inspiration from early Breguet designs. This reference is notable for its traditional aesthetic, which emphasizes legibility and classical proportions, aligning with the brand's heritage of horological innovation and design principles. It represents a commitment to the foundational elements of fine watchmaking, presented in a contemporary yet historically resonant package.

This timepiece features an 18k yellow gold case measuring 36 mm in diameter, housing the manual-wind Caliber 558T. The movement provides a power reserve of 50 hours. A sapphire crystal protects the silver dial, which typically features Breguet numerals and hands, enhancing its classic appeal. The watch is water-resistant to 30 meters, suitable for everyday wear but not for immersion.

The Ref. 1801 appeals to collectors who appreciate Breguet's historical contributions to watchmaking and seek a piece that embodies those traditions. Its design, with a focus on understated elegance and mechanical integrity, positions it as a significant offering within the Classique line. The reference is often associated with special anniversary collections, reflecting its role in commemorating key milestones for the brand.

Specifications

Caliber
558T
Case
18k Yellow Gold
Diameter
36 mm
Dial
Silver
Water Resist.
30m
Crystal
Sapphire

Key Points from the Discussion

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The Discussion
RA
Ratskunk
Aug 23, 2024

The Bulletin de la Société d'Encouragement pour l'Industrie Nationale [SEIN] 1820. 19e année lists Breguet (please refer to Figure 1 ) with a symbol indicating Breguet was now a member (chevalier) of the Legion-d' Honneur; the honor bestowed upon Breguet by Louis XVIII on September 8, 1819...oddly one of the only pictures of Breguet wearing the Legion-d' Honneur chevalier red-ribbon is on an advertising card for a chocolate company (see enclosed picture following Figure 1 ). Note an "O" precedin

RA
Ratskunk
Aug 24, 2024

For the curious: the previous posts (entries) mention both the légion-d’honneur and 1819 French Exposition; Breguet's légion-d’honneur was awarded on the occasion of the 1819 French Exposition. The first volume of the report: Description des expositions des produits de l'industrie française, faites à Paris depuis leur origine jusqu'à celle de 1819 inclusivement published in 1824 notes the event on page 38... Liste des savans, des artistes et des fabricans auxquels le Roi a accordé la décoration

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